Long-term trend analysis of liver cancer survival rate in Qidong region, Jiangsu Province, 1972-2019 / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To analyze the incidence and survival rate of liver cancer cases in the entire population in the Qidong region from 1972 to 2019, so as to provide a basis for prognosis evaluation, prevention, and treatment. Methods: The observed survival rate (OSR) and relative survival rate (RSR) of 34 805 cases of liver cancer in the entire Qidong region population from 1972 to 2019 were calculated using Hakulinen's method with SURV3.01 software. Hakulinen's likelihood ratio test was used for statistical analysis. Age-standardized relative survival (ARS) was calculated using the International Cancer Survival Standard. The Joinpoint regression analysis was performed with Joinpoint 4.7.0.0 software to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of the liver cancer survival rate. Results: 1-ASR increased from 13.80% in 1972-1977 to 50.20% in 2014-2019, while 5-ASR increased from 1.27% in 1972-1977 to 27.64% in 2014-2019. The upward trend of RSR over eight periods was statistically significant (χ (2) = 3045.29, P < 0.001). Among them, male 5-ASR was 0.90%, 1.80%, 2.33%, 4.92%, 5.43%, 7.05%, 10.78%, and 27.78%, and female 5-ASR was 2.33%, 1.51%, 3.35%, 3.92%, 3.84%, 7.18%, 11.45%, and 29.84%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in RSR between males and females (χ (2) = 45.68, P < 0.001). The 5-RSR for each age group of 25-34 years old, 35-44 years old, 45-54 years old, 55-64 years old, 65-74 years old, and 75 years old were 4.92%, 5.29%, 8.17%, 11.70%, 11.63%, and 9.60%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in RSR among different age groups (χ (2) = 501.29, P < 0.001). The AAPC in Qidong region from 1972 to 2019 for 1-ARS, 3-ASR, and 5-ARS were 5.26% (t = 12.35, P < 0.001), 8.10% (t = 15.99, P < 0.001), and 8.96 % (t = 16.06, P < 0.001), respectively. The upward trend was statistically significant in all cases. The AAPC of 5-ARS was 9.82% in males (t = 14.14, P < 0.001), and 8.79% in females (t = 11.48, P < 0.001), and the upward trend was statistically significant in both. The AAPC of 25-34 years old, 35-44 years old, 45-54 years old, 55-64 years old, 65-74 years old, and 75 years old were 5.37% (t = 5.26, P = 0.002), 5.22% (t = 5.66, P = 0.001), 7.20% (t = 6.88, P < 0.001), 10.00% (t = 12.58, P < 0.001), 9.96% (t = 7.34, P < 0.001) and 8.83% (t = 3.51, P = 0.013), and the upward trend was statistically significant. Conclusion: The overall survival rate of registered cases of liver cancer in the Qidong region's entire population has greatly improved, but there is still much room for improvement. Hence, constant attention should be paid to the study on preventing and treating liver cancer.

Long-term trend of colorectal cancer survival rate in Qidong, 1972-2016 / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: The survival of colorectal cancer in Qidong City, Jiangsu Province from 1972 to 2016 was analyzed to provide a basis for the evaluation of prognosis and the formulation of prevention and control measures. Methods: Colorectal cancer data were obtained from the Qidong Cancer Registration and Reporting System, and the follow-up was up to December 31, 2021. The observed survival rate (OSR) and relative survival rate (RSR) were calculated by SURV 3.01 software, and the trend test was performed by Hakulinen's likelihood ratio test. The Joinpoint regression model was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of survival, and the ARIMA model was used to predict the trend of colorectal cancer survival. Results: There were 8 637 new cases of colorectal cancer in Qidong from 1972 to 2016. Dividing 1972-2016 into 9 periods at 5-year intervals, the 5-year OSR from 1972-1976 to 2012-2016 increased from 21.86% to 48.86%, and the 5-year RSR increased from 26.45% to 59.91%. The increasing trend of RSR was statistically significant (χ(2)=587.47, P<0.001). From 1972 to 2016, the survival rates of colorectal cancer in different sexes in Qidong were similar, and the 5-year RSR was 44.63% for men and 44.07% for women. Since the 1990s, the 5-year OSR and RSR for men have been lower than those for women. From 1972 to 2016, the 5-year RSR of colorectal cancer in Qidong was significantly improved in the 65-74 and ≥75-year-old groups, but the survival rate of the ≥75-year-old group was still the lowest (36.78%), followed by the 35-44-year-old group ( 43.04%). The time trend showed that the overall AAPC of colorectal cancer 5-year RSR in Qidong from 1972 to 2016 was 2.50% (t=16.45, P<0.001). The upward trend of different sexes was consistent, and the increase was greater in women (AAPC for males=2.18%, AAPC for females=2.54%, both P<0.05). The 5-year RSR of colorectal cancer in each age group showed an upward trend, and the AAPCs of the 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, and ≥75-year-old groups were 1.54%, 1.83%, 2.00%, 3.51% and 4.35%, respectively (all P<0.05). The prediction results of colorectal cancer survival rate showed that the 5-year RSR of colorectal cancer in Qidong will increase to 71.62% by 2026. Conclusions: The overall survival rate of colorectal cancer patients in Qidong has been greatly improved, but there is still room for improvement. We should continue to pay attention to the early diagnosis and early treatment of colorectal cancer.

Long-term trend of gastric cancer survival rate in Qidong, 1972-2016 / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: The survival rate of gastric cancer cases in the whole population of Qidong City of Jiangsu Province from 1972 to 2016 was analyzed to provide a data basis for prevention and control of gastric cancer. Methods: The observed survival rate (OSR) was calculated by the life table method, the relative survival rate (RSR) was calculated by SURV 3.01 software, and the trend test was performed by Hakulinen's likelihood ratio test. Age-standardized relative survival rate (ARSR) was calculated using the International Cancer Survival Standard (ICSS). The Joinpoint regression model was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of survival rate, and the trend analysis of the overall survival rate of gastric cancer and the survival rates of different sexes and ages was conducted. The ARIMA model was used to predict the survival rate. Results: From 1972 to 2016, there were 18 067 new cases of gastric cancer in Qidong City. The OSRs at 1, 5, and 10 years were 37.12%, 17.16%, and 12.86%, respectively, and the RSRs at 1, 5, and 10 years were 38.83%, 21.73%, and 21.20%. Dividing 1972-2016 into 9 periods at 5-year intervals, compared with 1972-1976, the 5-year RSR in 2012-2016 increased from 12.53% to 36.26%, and the RSR in the 9 periods increased with statistical significance (χ(2)=747.19, P<0.001). Both OSR and RSR were slightly higher in men than in women, and decreased with age. The AAPC results showed that the AAPC of the 5-year RSR of gastric cancer in Qidong was 2.88%, 2.75% in males and 3.05% in females, and the upward trend was statistically significant (P<0.001). From 1972 to 2016, the 5-year RSR of gastric cancer in all age groups showed an upward trend. Except for the 35-44-year-old group (AAPC=1.07%, t=2.16, P=0.067), the age groups had statistical significance ( AAPC=2.59% in the 45-54-year-old group, AAPC=3.19% in the AAPCs of other 55-64-year-old group, AAPC=3.99% in the 65-74-year-old group, and AAPC=2.97% in the 75-year-old group, all P<0.05). The prediction results of the ARIMA model showed that in 2026, the 5-year OSR of gastric cancer in Qidong will increase to 39.82%, and the 5-year RSR will increase to 49.23%. Conclusion: The overall survival rate of registered gastric cancer cases in Qidong has been greatly improved, but there is still large room for improvement. More attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.

Epidemic characteristics of stomach cancer mortality in Qidong during 1972-2016 / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To describe the epidemic characteristics of stomach cancer mortality in Qidong between 1972 and 2016. Methods: The cancer registry data of stomach cancer death and population during 1972-2016 in Qidong was collected. The mortality of crude rate (CR), China age-standardized rate (CASR), world age-standardized rate (WASR), 35-64 years truncated rate, 0-74 years cumulative rate, cumulative risk, percentage change (PC), annual percent change (APC) were calculated. Results: During 1972-2016, a total of 15 863 (male: 10 114, female: 5 749) deaths occurred attributed to stomach cancer, accounting for 16.04% of all cancers, with CR of 31.37/100 000 (CASR: 12.97/100 000, WASR: 21.39/100 000). The truncated rate of 35-64, cumulative rate of 0-74, and cumulative risk were 28.86/100 000, 2.54%, and 2.51%, respectively. For male, the CR, CASR, WASR were 40.53/100 000, 17.98/100 000, 30.13/100 000, respectively, and for female, the CR, CASR, WASR were 22.45/100 000, 8.52/100 000, 13.92/100 000, respectively. Age-specific mortality analysis showed that the mortality of each age group under 25-year-old group was less than 1/100 000. The CR increased with age. The 50-year-old group reached and exceeded the average mortality of the population, and more than 80-year-old group reached the peak of death. During 1972-2016 in Qidong, The PCs in CR, CASR, and WASR of stomach cancer were 55.43%, -52.02%, -43.60%. The APC were 0.54%, -2.30%, -2.08%, respectively. Period mortality analysis showed that except for the 75-year-old group, the mortality of stomach cancer decreased significantly. Conclusions: The crude mortality of stomach cancer increases slightly in Qidong, while the CASR and WASR decrease significantly. However, stomach cancer is still one of the malignant tumors that most affect health and seriously threat lives.

Progress in the pleiotropic activity of metformin / 药学学报

Metformin, as a first-line drug in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, is widely used in clinic with definite efficacy and few adverse reactions. In recent years, other effects besides hypoglycemia have been found, such as a possible therapeutic effect on mental disorders (e.g., anxiety disorder, Alzheimer's disease), cancer, and cardiovascular disease. It also has regulatory effects on intestinal microbiota. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent investigations of metformin on mental disorders, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and intestinal microbiota.

Molecular characteristics of Acinetobacter baumannii and the changes of efflux pump expression under tigecycline pressure / 医学研究生学报

Objective　Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a commonly infective bacterium in the hospital. This study aims to analyze its molecular epidemiological characteristics, detect the carrying rate of efflux pump and regulatory protein genes, and investigate the effects of tigecycline on the efflux pump and expression of regulatory protein genes.　Methods　A total of 183 A. baumannii strains were collected from inpatients of the affiliated hospital of Jiangsu University from May 2017 to March 2019. They were divided into an antimicrobial-resistant group (one or more antimicrobial-resistant strains, 139 strains) and a sensitive group (the drugs in the drug sensitivity test were all non-resistant strains, 44 strains). Repeated sequence PCR was used for homology analysis of the strains, and pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used as the gold standard for homology analysis to verify and compare some strains. PCR was used to detect the occurrence of drug resistance-related genes. Based on homology analysis, efflux pump carrying rate detection and antibiotics sensitivity test results, 6 clinical strains carrying all efflux pump genes but different resistance phenotypes were selected as experimental strains, including sensitive strains (SAB), the multidrug resistance strain (MDRAB) and the extensively drug-resistant strain (XDRAB). All strains were induced in vitro with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tigecycline. The induced strains were categorized as induction group, and the same strains cultured in LB agar without tigecycline was used as a control group. MIC was used to analyze the tigecycline susceptibility, and RT-qPCR was used to detect the gene expression of efflux pumps, such as TetB, AbaQ and regulatory proteins (AdeS and BaeS), in drug-resistant strains.　Results　Homology analysis showed that there were 45 clonal groups in the detected clinical isolates, with no obvious outbreak of epidemic clonal groups. Efflux pumps and regulatory proteins were widely distributed in the clinical isolates, and the expression of AdeB, TetB, AbeS, AdeS in MDRAB and XDRAB is significantly higher than that insensitive group SAB. Continuous in vitro induction with tigecycline could increase the antimicrobial resistance of some clinical strains and even significantly increase the expression levels of efflux pumps and regulatory proteins.　Conclusion　A. baumannii is widely distributed in the clinic, and efflux pumps and regulatory proteins might play an important role in drug resistance process. The unreasonable use of tigecycline could enhance the tolerance of A. baumannii by up-regulating the expression of some bacterial efflux pumps.

Effect of rutaecarpine on Alzheimer's disease-like cognitive impairments induced by high glucose in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of rutaecarpine on high glucose-induced Alzheimer's disease-like pathological and cognitive dysfunction and its mechanism in rats.@*METHODS@#Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=20): control group, high glucose group and rutaecarpine group. Rats in the control group were fed with conventional feed and tap water. The rats in the high glucose group were fed with conventional feed and 20% sucrose water. The rutaecarpine group was fed with fodder contain 0.01% rutaecarpine and 20% sucrose water. Morris water maze test was used to detect learning and memory and cognitive function of three groups rats after 24 weeks of feeding. Western blot analysis was used to detect tau protein at Thr205 and Ser214 sites in each group. Phosphorylation levels of GSK-3β in serine 9 site (S9-GSK-3β) and PP2A at cycline 307 site (Y307-PP2AC) were also detected. Immunohistochemistry further confirmed tau protein at Thr205 site in each group both in hippocampus and cortex.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, Morris water maze results showed that the latency of finding the hidden platform of the rats in high glucose group was increased significantly and the number of crossing platforms and the target quadrant residence time were significantly decreased (all P＜0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that the phosphorylation level of tau protein at Thr205 site was significantly increased in the high glucose group compared with the control group, and the phosphorylation level of tau protein at Thr205 site in the rutaecarpine group was higher than that in the high glucose group. Western blot analysis showed that the phosphorylation level of tau protein in the high glucose group was significantly increased at Thr205 and Ser214 site compared with the control group, but the phosphorylation level of pS9-GSK-3β was significantly decreased (all P ＜0.05). Compared with the high glucose group, the latency of finding the hidden platform of the rats in rutaecarpine group was significantly decreased, and the number of crossing platforms and the target quadrant residence time were significantly increased (both P＜0.05). Compared with the high glucose group, the phosphorylation levels of tau protein at Thr205 and Ser214 sites showed a significant decrease, but the phosphorylation level of pS9-GSK-3β was significantly increased (all P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Rutaecarpine can alleviate AD-like cognitive dysfunction induced by high glucose, possibly by enhancing pS9-GSK-3β phosphorylation, down-regulating GSK-3β activity, and thus reducing hyperphosphorylation of tau-associated sites.

Expression and clinical significance of hsa-miRNA-200c in patients with liver metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expressions of hsa-miRNA-200 c and its relationship with metastasis of EOC.METHODS: The expression of hsa-miRNA-200 c was detected by Stem-loop Real-time Quantitative PCR(TaqMan probe method)in 73 cases of EOC,30 cases of benign ovarian epithelial tumors and 30 cases of normal ovarian tissues,which were collected in gynecological operations from Guangdong General Hospital from October 2010 to May 2011.Meantime,the clinical pathologic features data were analyzed.The assessment of the correlation between hsa-miRNA-200 c and clinicopathological features,and the hierarchical analysis of hsa-miRNA-200 c level in 73 cases of ovarian epithelial cancer was further undertaken(Among 73 cases,13 patients suffered liver metastasis and 60 patients had non-liver metastasis).Overexpression or knockdown of hsa-miRNA-200 c,ovarian cancer cell invasion and migration abilitywas detected.RESULTS: The expression of miRNA-200 c in the EOC tissues was 382.18±15.22,which was significantly higher than that in the benign ovarian epithelial tumors(35.61 ± 1.42)and normal ovarian tissues(4.43 ±2.23)(P0.05).The expressions of miRNA-200 c were low in EOC with late clin-ical FIGO stage(670.91±16.88 vs. 129.52±33.3,P0.05).The transwell cabinet invasion experiment showed the expression of miRNA-200 c was negatively correlated with the invasion capability of ovarian cancer cells.CONCLUSION: MiRNA-200 c is likely to play a double regulation role in the development of EOC,whose low-expression has been associated with late EOC,lymph node metastasis,liver metastasis,and poor prognosis.

Effects of deoxygedunin on Alzheimer-like pathologic dysfunction induced by D-galactose combined with AlCl / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of Deoxygedunin on Aβ deposition, learning memory, and oxidative stress induced by D-galactose combined with AlCl in model rats with Alzheimer's disease and its possible mechanism.@*METHODS@#Male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (=12):control group, model group (AD) and intervention group (AD+Deo). Morris water maze test was used to detect learning/memory and cognitive function in rats.Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in homogenate of hippocampus were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Tau protein expression in rat cerebral cortex was detected by immunohistochemistry.Western blot was used to detect the expressions of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1(ERK1), protein kinase B (PKB) and tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) on TrkB signaling pathway.@*RESULTS@#The results of water maze test showed that D-galactose combined with AlCl induced a significant increase in the escape latency compared with the control group (<0.05).Deoxygedunin could reverse the increase of the escape latency of the model group (<0.05).On the 7th day after removal of the platform, the model group showed an increase in escape latency compared with the control group and the intervention group (<0.01), and the number of crossing platforms was declined (<0.05); The results of immunohistochemistry and ELISA showed that the expressions of Aβ and tau protein in the model group were increased significantly compared with those of the control group (<0.01).The activities of SOD and GSH-Px were decreased significantly and the content of MDA was increased significantly.Compared with the model group, Deoxygedunin could reverse the increase of the expressions of Aβ and tau protein (<0.01), the decrease of SOD and GSH-Px activities (<0.05) and the increase of the MDA content (<0.05).Western blot results showed that Deoxygedunin treatment reversed the decreased phosphorylation levels of TrkB, AKT and ERK1 in hippocampus of the model group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Supplement of Deoxygedunin can significantly reverse Aβ deposition, oxidative stress and cognitive deficits by activating the TrkB signal transduction pathway, which suggest that Deoxygedunin may serve as a promising therapeutic candidate for attenuating AD-like pathological dysfunction induced by D-galactose combined with AlCl.

Contraction mechanism of smooth muscle cells and its relationship with penile erection / 中华男科学杂志

Penile erectile dysfunction (ED) is ascribed to the contraction-relaxation imbalance of smooth muscle cells (SMC), the weakening of their diastolic function and the strengthening of their systolic function. The contraction-related signaling pathways, cell membrane ion channels and SMC phenotypes all participate in the regulation of their contraction and its malfunction may cause a variety of SMC-related diseases. The signaling pathways RhoA/Rock and Raf/MEK/ERK1/2 interact with each other, suppressing the expression of the RhoA protein or reducing the level of Rock2 phosphorylation, which may contribute to the treatment of ED. The poor performance of VDCC or TRPC is reckoned to be an important cause of hypertension- or diabetes-related ED. The expressions of CaV1.2, TRPC1 and TRPC4 can be upregulated by many pathological factors, which may enhance the contraction of SMCs. The pathogenesis of ED may be associated with the differentiation of the phenotypes corpus cavernosal SMCs. This review focuses on the recent progress in the studies of the relationship between SMC contraction and ED.

Identification and Function of Acid-sensing Ion Channels in RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Activation of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) plays an important role in neuroinflammation.Macrophage recruitment to the sites of inflammation is an essential step in host defense.ASIC 1 and ASIC3 have been reported to mediate the endocytosis and maturation of bone marrow derived macrophages.However,the expression and inflammation-related functions of ASICs in RAW 264.7 cells,another common macrophage,are still elusive.In the present study,we first demonstrated the presence of ASIC 1,ASIC2a and ASIC3 in RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line by using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),Western blotting and immunofluorescence experiments.The non-specific ASICs inhibitor amiloride and specific homomeric ASIC 1 a blocker PcTx 1 reduced the production of iNOS and COX-2 by LPS-induced activating RAW 264.7 cells.Furthermore,not only amiloride but also PcTx 1 inhibited the migration and LPS-induced apoptosis of RAW 264.7 cells.Taken together,our findings suggest that ASICs promote the inflammatory response and apoptosis of RAW 264.7 cells,and ASICs may serve as a potential novel target for immunological disease therapy.

Identification and Function of Acid-sensing Ion Channels in RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Activation of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) plays an important role in neuroinflammation.Macrophage recruitment to the sites of inflammation is an essential step in host defense.ASIC 1 and ASIC3 have been reported to mediate the endocytosis and maturation of bone marrow derived macrophages.However,the expression and inflammation-related functions of ASICs in RAW 264.7 cells,another common macrophage,are still elusive.In the present study,we first demonstrated the presence of ASIC 1,ASIC2a and ASIC3 in RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line by using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),Western blotting and immunofluorescence experiments.The non-specific ASICs inhibitor amiloride and specific homomeric ASIC 1 a blocker PcTx 1 reduced the production of iNOS and COX-2 by LPS-induced activating RAW 264.7 cells.Furthermore,not only amiloride but also PcTx 1 inhibited the migration and LPS-induced apoptosis of RAW 264.7 cells.Taken together,our findings suggest that ASICs promote the inflammatory response and apoptosis of RAW 264.7 cells,and ASICs may serve as a potential novel target for immunological disease therapy.

Analysis of the incidence of lung cancer in Qidong, Jiangsu Province from 1993 to 2012 / 上海预防医学

Objective To analyze the incidence of lung cancer in Qidong , Jiangsu Province of China from 1993 to 2012 . Methods The clinical data of lung cancer from 1993 to 2012 for patients with census registration in Qidong were sorted out from the cancer registration center in Qidong .The annual percent change ( APC) model was used to analyze the trend over time for the incidence of lung cancer .The SAS 9.4 software and the Joinpoint Regression Program 4.3.1.0 were used to implement data analyses . Results A total of 11 895 new cases of lung cancer were diagnosed in Qidong , Jiangsu province from 1993 to 2012 .Among them , 8 629 were male cases and 3 266 were female cases and the median age for these patients was 68 .41 .The crude incidence rate for lung cancer for males was 90 .06/100 000 , which was significantly higher than that for females, i.e., 29.94/100 000(Poisson distribution test, P<0.01). The standardized incidence rate of lung cancer for male was 52 .92/100 000 , which was significantly higher than that for females, i.e.18.52/100 000(Poisson distribution test, P<0.01).The APC for the crude incidence rate for lung cancer was 6 .1 from 1993 to 2012 and the APC for the standardized incidence rate for lung cancer was 5 .5 . Conclusion The incidence of lung cancer increases in Qidong on a yearly basis from 1993 to 2012, with the incidence thereof for males being significantly higher than that for females .

Analysis of the incidence of colorectal cancer in Qidong, Jiangsu Province from 1993 to 2012 / 上海预防医学

Objective To analyze the incidence of colorectal cancer ( CRC) for patients with census registration in Qidong , Jiangsu Province . Methods The clinical data of CRC for patients with census registration in Qidong were sorted out from the cancer registration center in Qidong , Jiangsu province .The incidence was standardized by utilizing the standard population age composition based on the nationwide census in 2000 .The annual percent change ( APC) model was used to analyze the trend over time for the incidence of CRC . Results A total of 4 648 new cases of CRC were diagnosed in Qidong from 1993 to 2012 , of which 2 328 were male cases and 2 320 were female cases .The crude incidence rate for CRC was 23 .00/100 000 and the APC for the standardized incidence rate for CRC was 14 .13/100 000 , with the incidence thereof for males significantly higher than that for females ( P<0.001).The incidence rate of CRC for seniors aged over 50 rose quickly .From 1993 to 2012 , the average annual increase rate of the incidence for CRC was 5 .1%and the average annual increase rate of the standardized incidence therefor was 5.0%in Qidong. Conclusion The incidence of CRC increases in Qidong on a yearly basis from 1993 to 2012 , with the incidence thereof for males being significantly higher than that for females .

Analysis of the incidence of gastriccancer in Qido ng,Jian gsu Province from 1993 to 2012 / 上海预防医学

Objective To analyze the incidence of gastric cancer in Qidong , Jiangsu Province from 1993 to 2012 and analyze the harmful levels and the clinical characteristics thereof , thus providing bases of implementing the prevention , research and control measures for gastric cancer . Methods The clinical data of gastric cancer from January 1993 to December 2012 for patients with census registration in Qidong were sorted out from the cancer registration center in Qidong .The annual percent change ( APC) model was used to analyze the trend over time for the incidence of gastric cancer .The incidence was standardized by utilizing the standard population age composition based on the nationwide census in 2000 . Results A total of 8 272 new cases of gastric cancer were diagnosed in Qidong from 1993 to 2012, and the median age for these patients was 67.92(57.50-76.00).Among them, 5 269 were male cases and the median age for these male patients was 67.25(57.75-74.75);3 003 were female cases and the median age for these female patients was 69.16(57.00-77.91).The annual average for the crude incidence rate of gastric cancer was 40.37/100 000, and the standardized incidence rate thereof was 25.22.37/100 000.The crude incidence rate of gastric cancer decreased significantly from 1993 to 2002(for the crude incidence rate thereof , APC=-1.59, t=-4.6, P<0.01);the crude incidence rate of gastric cancer increased significantly from 2002 to 2007(for the crude incidence rate thereof , APC=-8.88, t=-5.3, P<0.01).Both the standardized incidence rate of gastric cancer and the crude incidence rate thereof had the same trend for the period from 1993 to 2002 as well as the period from 2002 to 2007.The crude incidence rate of gastric cancer rose with the growth of ages(for male patients, APC=734.8, t=-511.2, P<0.01; for female patients, APC=43.6, t=17.9, P<0.01).The crude incidence rate of gastric cancer reached a climax for both males and females of the age group between 75 and 80. Conclusion The incidence of gastric cancer was relatively high in Qidong from 1993 to 2012;the male and the old-aged groups are high-risk groups .

Analysisof the incidence of gallbladder cancer in Qido ng, Jiangsu Province from 1993 to 2012 / 上海预防医学

Objective To analyze the incidence of gallbladder cancer in Qidong City from 1993 to 2012 . Methods The clinical data of gallbladder cancer from January 1993 to December 2012 for patients with census registration in Qidong were sorted out from the cancer registration center in Qidong . Annual percent change ( APC ) models were applied to describe the annual percent changes of disease incidence and the standardized incidence trend over time.The incidence was standardized with the age structure of standard population from a national census taken in 2000 . Results A total of 493 new cases were diagnosed from 1993 to 2012 , occupying 0 .81%of new-onset malignant tumors for the same period . The crude incidence rate of gallbladder cancer was 2 .41/100 000 population and the standardized incidence thereof was 1 .42/100 000 population .Both the crude incidence and the standardized incidence thereof increased on a yearly basis from 1993 to 2012 ( APC=12 .83; APC =12 .04 ) while the annual crude incidence thereof for females increased faster than that for males ( APC=14 .51; APC=10 .60 ) . Old people aged 65 years and above were a high-risk group for gallbladder cancer , occupying 63 .49%of the incidence thereof for all ages . Conclusion The incidence of gallbladder cancer increases in Qidong , Jiangsu province of China on a yearly basis from 1993 to 2012 , with the incidence thereof for females increasing faster than that for males .

Long-term survival trends of gastric cancer patients between 1972 and 2011 in Qidong / 癌症

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>There have been few reports on long-term survival of gastric cancer patients. This study analyzed the survival data of gastric cancer patients obtained from the population-based Qidong Cancer Registry between 1972 and 2011, providing a basis for evaluation of gastric cancer treatment and prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cumulative observed survival rate and relative survival rate of gastric cancer patients were calculated using Hakulinen's method via the SURV3.01 software, which was developed by the Finnish Cancer Registry. The date of the last follow-up for the survival status of the 15,401 registered cases was April 30, 2012.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 1-, 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-year observed survival rates were 33.82%, 14.18%, 10.35%, 6.63%, and 4.19%, respectively, and the 1-, 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-year relative survival rates were 35.43%, 18.13%, 17.50%, 21.96%, and 32.84%, respectively. For males, the corresponding observed survival rates were 34.50%, 14.40%, 10.42%, 6.46%, and 4.05%, and the corresponding relative survival rates were 36.23%, 18.67%, 18.28%, 23.73%, and 38.61%. For females, the corresponding observed survival rates were 32.62%, 13.80%, 10.22%, 6.95%, and 4.46%, and the corresponding relative survival rates were 34.03%, 17.21%, 16.28%, 19.70%, and 26.78%. Significant differences in relative survival rates were observed between sexes (P = 0.003). For the 15-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, and 75+ age groups, the 5-year relative survival rates were 16.13%, 21.77%, 18.63%, 12.61%, 7.99%, and 2.94%, respectively, and the 10-year relative survival rates were 16.49%, 22.83%, 20.50%, 15.97%, 15.88%, and 15.73%, respectively. Remarkable improvement could be observed for the 5-, 10-, and 15-year relative survival rates in Qidong beginning in the 1980s.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The survival outcome of registered gastric cancer cases in Qidong showed gradual progress over the past two decades.</p>

Research on strategies or prevention and control of liver cancer and the efficacy of field interventions in Qidong / 肿瘤

This paper reports the strategies for prevention and control of liver cancer formed in the practice in Qidong field for liver cancer research, and the comprehensive measures aiming at the major risk factors in the past decades. The efficacy of these interventions is reflected in the substantial decrease in the rates of incidence and mortality of liver cancer in Qidong: the age-standardized rate of incidence rate is decreased by 44.35%, and the age-standardized rate of mortality is decreased by 44.20%, especially in younger population. These data are evidenced from the points of views in epidemiology, ecology, and biomarkers monitoring. The long-run profitability in the first prevention and secondary prevention can be benifited from the comprehensive control and intervention strategies in Qidong.

Pharmacophore identification of novel dual-target compounds targeting AChE and PARP-1 / 药学学报

Multi-target drugs attract increasing attentions for the therapy of complicated neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, a computer-assisted strategy was applied to search for multi-target compounds by the pharmacophore matching. This strategy has been successfully used to design dual-target inhibitor models against both the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). Based on two pharmacophore models matching and physicochemical properties filtering, one hit was identified which could inhibit AChE with IC50 value of (0.337 +/- 0.052) micromol x L(-1) and PARP-1 by 24.6% at 1 micromol x L(-1).

Retrospective observation of dynamic levels of serum Golgi protein 73 in patients prior to the onset of liver cancer / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the dynamic levels of serum Golgi protein 73(GP73) in patients prior to and after the onset of liver cancer, and to explore the related factors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 2007 to 2012, a periodical screening program was carried out in a group of high risk population with positive Hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg) , twice a year. Their serum specimens from every screening time point were kept in Qidong Biobank until liver cancer was diagnosed. Thirty-nine patients with liver cancer were recruited for the study, each of them at least had three times of specimens collected as well as B ultrasound scan (BUS) exam results at onset of disease and within 30 months before diagnosed, amongst 6 time points. In total, there were 162 specimens collected to test GP73 by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analyses of time series and differences among groups were performed by stata software 10.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average value of 39 patient's GP73 at the time point of liver cancer onset was (126.77 ± 73.73) µg/L, while the values at the other five time points prior to the onset were (128.32 ± 81.18) , (129.97 ± 83.62) , (127.38 ± 80.10) , (135.52 ± 97.88) and (138.24 ± 93.58) µg/L, respectively, with no significant difference (F = 0.07, P = 0.997). No obvious changing trends of GP73 were observed among the 39 liver cancer cases at the 6 time points. All 162 samples were divided into two groups: without hepatic cirrhosis (63 samples) and with cirrhosis (99 samples) according to findings of B-ultrasonic wave; whose average GP73 values were separately (97.16 ± 51.39) and (151.20 ± 91.68) µg/L. The difference showed statistical significance (F = 18.22, P < 0.01). Furthermore, if we grouped the samples by the average value of GP73 at 130.19 µg/L, then there were only 1/14 of the subjects without hepatic cirrhosis having higher GP73 values, but 12 of the 25 subjects with hepatic cirrhosis having higher GP73 values. The difference showed statistical significance (P = 0.013). The results of Linear regression model also showed that there was no correlation between GP73 and time series (t = 0.75, P = 0.455), but significant correlation between GP73 and hepatic cirrhosis (t = 4.30, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>No significant changes of the dynamic levels of GP73 could be found among the liver cancer patients within 30 months prior to the onset of disease. GP73 values of the patients with liver cancer may depend on their background of hepatic diseases; and hepatic cirrhosis might be one of the main influencing factors or confounding factors.</p>